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, 'and transportation of articles which it is im- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMONDS W. HAAF, OF BROOKLYN, EVV YORK.

BAG.

:BPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 327,255, dated September 29, 1885.

Application led J une 4, 18S5. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMoNDs W. HAAE, of Brooklyn, Kings county, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bags, of which the following isa specification.

My improved bag is intended for the storage portant to confine in a strong bag,` and also to guard against occasional or constant wet or dampness. I make a strong bag of burlap and line it with oil-cloth, giving the preference to a grade of oil-cloth which is highly flexible. The parts are joined by sewing. I have devised means for joining the edges by duplex seams, which afford peculiar advantages.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention. Y

Figure lis a longitudinal section through a bag made according to my invention. The remaining figures are on a larger scale. They are cross-sections, and represent the bag in various stages of manufacture. Fig. 2 shows the parts as they appear just after receiving the rst line of stitching. Fig. 3 shows the condition just after receiving the second line of stitching. The bag is reversed or turned inside out relatively to Fig. 2. Fig. 4; shows the finished bag. In this figure the bag is turned inside out relatively to Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate oorresponding parts in all the figures.

Burlap is a general name forarange of stout coarse fabric. My burlap may be j ute,woven plain, say about ten picks to the inch. The main strength of the bag lies in the burlap. The inner lining of oil-cloth or analogous thin and impervious material should be of so nearly the same size that when the bag is filled and subjected to strain, the strength of both the thicknesses of material shall re-enforce each other and aid to maintain the integrity ofthe bag; but it is especially important that the inner shall not be strained t0 the extent of breaking at any point before the strength of the outer fabric shall be made available.

I can use various grades of oil-cloth. I prefer, as above stated, a thin flexible oil-cloth.

A is the stout exterior fabric or burlap, certain portions being designated, when necessary, by additional letters, as A.` The oilcloth lining is denoted by B, with additional letters, B, for certain portions. O is the first line of stitching, and D is the second line of stitching.

In applying the parts together, first two thicknesses' of the oil-cloth B are laid between two thicknesses of burlap A, and a line of stitching, C, is extended around` a little inward from the edge. Then the bag is turned, and being flattened, a second line of stitching, D, is applied, and then the bag is turned again. .The result is a bag peculiarly adapted for keeping its contents dry under all conditions. The burlap may become soiled, abraded, cut, scorched, or otherwise deteriorated at certain points, and so long as the effect does not extend to the oil-clothB the contents of the bag are perfectly preserved. The exterior contributes strength. The interior fortiiies it somewhat in that respect. The interior presents a water and damp proof envelope, strengthened by the reliable outer covering. The burlap also defends the inner bag or lining against injuries. i

The construction of the seams is important. The first line of stitching, G, has a single duty to perform, the maintaining of a tight joint. The second line of stitching,D, has but a single duty, that of strongly holding the parts in the correct position.

In whatI esteem the most complete form of the invention, the burlap is extended up on one side considerably beyond the mouth proper ofthe bag, the surplus forming a flap, A. The oil-cloth is also extended up on the opposite side, forming aiiap, B. Until the bag is filled the flaps A and B may be folded outward and of no effect. In closing the bag after filling, the iiap of the oil-cloth'is rst extended across the mouth of the Abag and tucked smoothly into the space between the oil-cloth and the burlap on the opposite side ofthe bag. Lastly, the flap A of the burlap is extended across the mouth of the bag, being drawn in the direction opposite to that of the flap B. This last iiap, A', is then strongly stitched down upon the burlap to which it is present- IOO ed, the stitching being done with proper care, as by using a curved needle,` so as not to un necessarily penetrate the oil-cloth.

Modifications may be made. The lineness of both Aand B may be varied. rlhe material of each may vary to some extent. Additions may be made. The surfaces may be cemented in addition to the stitching. I use the term oil-cloth7 to indicate a thin flexible material which is impervious, and will not, by affecting the taste, smell, or other qualities, injuriously affect the goods stored in the bag. Oil-paper or paper saturated with paraflne may be used for the thin impervious lining for bags for some purposes. A still more expensive material than ordinary oilcloth-as oil-silk-may be expedient for some special purposes.

When the material can be obtained in sufficiently large pieces, it may be folded at the bottom; in other words, the two faces ofthe bag may be made from the saine piece ofgoods. This will avoid the necessity for my peculiar seam or any seam across thev bottom.

A material sometimes known as patent oil-cloth, composed of well-sized paper and muslin applied together with a rubber cement or analogous impervious material may serve in some cases for the part B of my bag.

Iclaim as myinvention- The compound bag described,havinga stout exterior fabric and a light impervious lining united along the edges by rows of stitches C D, the former passing once through each part and the latter passing twice through each part, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In testimony whereof` I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city, New York, this 6th day of May, 1885, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MANIERRE ELLisoN, E. Bnooiins. 

